CableBin

DisplayPort · 2014

DisplayPort over USB-C (Alt Mode)

How most USB-C ports send video. The USB-C pairs are handed over to DisplayPort.

  • data: USB 2.0 or USB 3 alongside
  • video: DP 1.4 (or 2.1) over USB-C
  • power: USB PD at the same time

Spec card

How
the USB-C high-speed pairs switch to carrying DisplayPort lanes
4-lane mode
all 4 pairs carry video; USB 2.0 data only
2-lane mode
2 pairs video, 2 pairs USB 3 data
Versions
DP 1.2, 1.4 or 2.1, depending on the device
Logo
a DisplayPort 'D' icon next to the port (not always present)
Cable
full-featured USB-C (USB 3 / 10Gbps or better)

Also sold as DP Alt ModeDisplayPort Alt ModeUSB-C videoDP over USB-C

The cable you need

A full-featured USB-C cable (10Gbps, 20Gbps, 40Gbps or Thunderbolt). Not a USB 2.0 "charging" cable.

Watch out for

  • Not every USB-C port outputs video.
  • Docks with USB 3 ports often leave only 2 lanes for video, so 4K 60 Hz is the ceiling without DSC.
  • USB 2.0-only USB-C cables cannot carry Alt Mode video.

A USB-C cable has four high-speed wire pairs, and Alt Mode lets the two devices agree to use some of them for something other than USB. For DisplayPort, the port can hand over all four pairs, giving full DisplayPort bandwidth with only USB 2.0 data alongside, or two pairs, giving half the video bandwidth and keeping USB 3 data on the other two.

That split explains a lot. A USB-C monitor with a USB hub, or a cheap dock with USB 3 ports, often runs 2-lane mode: with DisplayPort 1.4 that's 12.96 Gbps, enough for 4K at 60 Hz, but not 4K 120. A direct USB-C to DisplayPort cable usually uses all four lanes.

Alt Mode is optional. Many phones and cheap laptops have USB-C ports with no video at all. Look for a DisplayPort or Thunderbolt icon by the port, or check the spec sheet for "DisplayPort Alt Mode".

What it can carry

Computed from each link's usable bandwidth; 4K at 60 Hz and above assumes 10-bit HDR colour. How.

ModeUSB-C DP 1.4 ×2USB-C DP 1.4 ×4
1080p 60 Hz 8-bitFits 3.2 GbpsFits 3.2 Gbps
1080p 144 Hz 8-bitFits 8.0 GbpsFits 8.0 Gbps
1440p 144 Hz 8-bitWith DSC 14.1 GbpsFits 14.1 Gbps
4K 30 Hz 8-bitFits 6.2 GbpsFits 6.2 Gbps
4K 60 Hz 10-bitWith DSC 15.7 GbpsFits 15.7 Gbps
4K 120 Hz 10-bitWith DSC 32.3 GbpsWith DSC 32.3 Gbps
4K 144 Hz 10-bitToo much 39.2 GbpsWith DSC 39.2 Gbps
4K 240 Hz 10-bitToo much 68.6 GbpsWith DSC 68.6 Gbps
8K 60 Hz 10-bitToo much 62.1 GbpsWith DSC 62.1 Gbps

Questions about DisplayPort over USB-C (Alt Mode)

Yes, if…Can USB-C do 4K at 120 Hz? It dependsWhy won't my USB-C cable show video? It dependsWhy is my USB-C hub stuck at 4K 30 Hz?

Connectors

USB-C